The infectionón vertebral of the spinal column is produced by the invasionón of a microorganism, a pathologistíwhich can be called in different ways depending onón of the exact area it affects. In this way, When suffering from this health problem, it is necessary to act to try to prevent the problem from going to me.ás and it ends up having consequences más negative and harmful to our body.
Index
Types of infectionón vertebral
exist different varieties of infectionón vertebral that can be used for the definitionón of this pathologyíback to back, being able to distinguish between the following:
- infectious discitis: It consists of inflammationón of the intervertebral disc that is caused by the E.Coli bacteria in the vast majorityía of the cases.
- spondylodiscitis: It is an infectionón vertebral that affects the intervertebral disc and the vértebra.
- Meningitis: The infectionón reaches the membranes that are part of the nervous system, which could cause an accumulationón of pus and gérmenes that causes swellingón, what is known as an epidural abscess, provoking the understandingón of the méspinal game. is a pathologistíbecause if it expands to the méSpinal cord can be disabling and even fatal in severe cases.ás severe.
- ankylosing spondylitis (vertebral osteomyelitis): It is a type of arthritis that originates in the bones and joints of the spine., which causes the volume to increase, así as of the vévertebrae and pelvis.
Anatomíto the infectionón vertebral
Adults do not have a vascularized intervertebral disc., that is to say, that has blood vesselsíneos, which makes it less common the arrival of g occursérms that can cause infectionón a través of blood.
Nevertheless, the infectionón in the véchildren's vertebraeñthey are produced in a bad wayás usual since sí count on vascular canals that end near the intervertebral disc, what causes it to be máthe implementation is simpleón de gérmenes in the same. The origin may be other parts of the body that are already infected or due to the contamination itself.ón that is produced by external agents.
Causes of infectionón vertebral
In order to better understand whaté is a infectionón vertebral, It is necessary to take into account the different causes that may cause its appearance.ón in our body. Knowing the causes will allow usá help when trying to prevent its appearanceón.
The microorganisms that affect the column are usually bacteria (staph) and, sometimes, mushrooms. In general, there is a history of infectionón in other parts of the body and, a través of one's own blood, is implemented in the vévertebra or intervertebral disc.
One of the reasons mácommon s by which a infectionón vertebral or in the intervertebral disc has to do with the post surgeryías, after performing surgeryíopen in the spine. In this case, la lesión is más likely by immunosuppressed patients, that is to say, people whose immune systemógico works below the ínormality index, but alsoén for diabéticos, obesity patients, pathologistías cróunique, anémonkeys or malnourished, and when surgery is performedílong-lasting onesón.
It can be a infectionón vertebral in superficial planes that causes an opening of the woundúor it can infect deep planes with the affectationóno of meúdogs, vévertebrae, ligaments, fascia and intervertebral disc.
Other causes of infectionón vertebral They can be wounds close to the spine or penetrationón of extra bodiesñcontaminated materials that reach these structures.
Sísymptoms of infectionón vertebral
Además to know the causes, it is convenient to know the sísymptoms of infectionón vertebral. In this type of case, The patient suffers pain in some area of the back or regionón of the affected spine and fever if we are in acute processes.
If the gérmenes have come throughés from another óorgan that is infected, as the genital system, the skin or the vírespiratory ace, adds to the affectationóno of these, the sísymptoms of affectionón in the vévertebrae.
Any of the infectious conditions lead to apatía and general malaise, además of fever. Nevertheless, the fundamental system of affectationóno of the vévertebrae due to infectionón of a germ is pain focused on the affected part of the back.
If the infectionón increases in the vertebral body or intervertebral disc, further weakening of the éthese leading to necrosis and vertebral crushing. The to progressóno of the pathologyía to the layers that cover the méspinal cord or peripheral nervesérich can cause neurological alterationsócool.
When there is a woundúInfected ulcer, its edges frequently open and serous and purulent staining can occur through theés of the wound, with serum and pus. This infectionón can penetrate into deep planes and each time they affect meás perivertebral structures with increased pain.
Diagnóaesthetic and treatment of infectionón vertebral
The diagnosisóaesthetic of these pathologiesías is difícil in the case of infectionón a través of blood, since it is usually delayed and involves theádifferential lysis with degenerative diseases, inflammatory or tumor. To carry out the diagnosisóstatic are usually still requiredáblood lysis, radiographic studiesías, CT and MRI, gamma graphía ósea and sample collection for culture by punctureón.
The infection treatmentón vertebral depends on the affectationóno and extensionónumber of infectionón, así as the type of germ causing, being necessary antibióspecific intravenous agentsíwe stay. If samples are taken from the infected area, it is possible to analyze and culture them in the laboratory to obtain the germ that causes the infection.ón y así take the antibioticótico más effective for your treatment, thanks to antibiogram.
Sometimes surgery is necessaryíto of vertebral column to clean and debride (remove dead tissue, infected orñated to improve the health of the remaining tissue) of all infected structures. If the infectionón progresses and subsidence and vertebral fractures occur, removal may be necessaryóenlargement of the infected area and fixationón structural to avoid compressionóno of the vévertebrae, of the méspinal cord or raínervous stop.
