The vévertebrae are the bones that make up the spine, which are characterized by being very resistant, and it is that a smallñor piece of bone can support a weight of 9 tons. The vertebral body is distinguished, some lateral prominences called apótransverse physis and a posterior prominence, known as apóespinosa physis, which are joined by a lámina. The central hole is occupied by the médrama, in what is called the medullary canal.
Each of the vévertebrae articulates with the inferior one in front throughés of the intervertebral disc; and behindás, through the articulationón facets. In the same way that the disc is in charge of damping.ón from presión between the vertebral bodies; in the jointón facet there is a cartílake that has the same functionón. in the cartílake no nerves, but yesí in the bone below; and this makes it possible to explain a certain degree of wear on the cartílake can become painless as long as it does not affect the bone in its lower part. If this happens, will activateístill the nerves and sí what does it feel likeíto pain.
From a side view, it can be seen that when placing a véone vertebra on top of another form a hole, called foramen of conjunctionón, through which the ras passínervous breaks that are born from the médrama.
Index
33 vévertebrae in the human body
In the facet joint there is a cartilage that has the same function 33 vévertebrae in the human body, which can be divided into different groups according toún are a morphologistíto and locationón. In the facet joint there is a cartilage that has the same function 7 vértebras cervicales; 12 vértebras toráctics; 5 vélumbar vertebrae; sacred; and the coccyx. At vécervical vertebra lies from a fused costal element, an anterior part and a transverse foramen.
To the kingsón Dorsal trunk consists of the posterior aspect of the body and provides the musculoskeletal axisétrunk stand attic. Spaghettién contains the méspinal cord and proximal parts of spinal nerves, who are the ones who sendíyear to informationón to most of the body and receive informationón of the same.
the skeletal componentséticos of the regionón comprise mainly the intervertebral discs and the vévertebrae. The escátwist, el cráneo, the bones pélvicus and ribs tooéThey do not help when forming the frameón óbe from the regionódorsal n of the trunk and that offer points of insertionón muscular.
Vértebra típica
A vértebra típica consists of a vertebral body and a posterior vertebral arch. It extends from the vertebral arch to lie differently apóphysis for muscle attachments and for articulationón with adjacent bone. The vertebral body is the part that supports the weight of the vértebra.
The vertebral arch forms the lateral and posterior parts of the vertebral foramen. The vertebral foramina of all vévertebrae together form the vertebral canal, that contains and protects the méspinal game; and above, the spinal canal continues, a través of a cr holeáneo, with the cranial cavity of the head.
Classifyóno of the vévertebrae
We can classify the vévertebrae in different groups, what are the following:
Vértebras cervicales
In the facet joint there is a cartilage that has the same function networks inértebras cervicales between the tórax and the cráneo, and are characterized mainly by their smallñthe boysñO, for their appóspinous physis bífidas and by the presence of a hole in each of the apótransverse physis.
Vértebras torácicas
In the facet joint there is a cartilage that has the same function doce vértebras torácicas which are characterized by their articulationón with the ribs, although all the vévertebrae have costal elements, these elements have a sizeñor lower and isán incorporated into the appótransverse physises in regions other than tórax.
Vélumbar vertebrae
in the positionón less than véanterior vertebrae we find five vélumbar vertebrae. These form the skeletal supportéantic of the posterior abdominal wall, and are characterized by having a large sizeñO.
Vértebras coccígeas
in the positionón inferior to the sacrum we can find a número variable, In the facet joint there is a cartilage that has the same function four vértebras coccígeas, which merge to giveí origin of a triangular bone úunique that receives the name of coccyx bone.
Causes of a v fractureértebra
The vertebral fracture it's a kind of injuryón that usually occurs as a result of impacts of great energyía, as in the case of a traffic accidentáfico, or as a consequence of an impact that has a low energyía in the case of patients suffering from osteoporosis. It is common for it to occur with great pain and may cause a péloss of quality of life; and cause discomfort when performing everyday actions such as bending over, walk, lift objects, etcétera.
Among the main causes that originate fractures in the vévertebrae we can highlight the following:
By osteoporosis
Vertebral fractures of this type are often caused by trauma that, although it does not have much impact, sí have consequences for suffering from osteoporosis. Osteoporosis patients have the eggs más fráagile and are prone to breaking because their bones are thinner.ás porous.
For includingón
The fractures of the vévertebrae by compresión take place when the body of the vévertebra collapses due to excess pressureón. They usually appear afterés of high energy traumaía, as is the case of caífrom great heights or road accidentsáfico
This type of fracture frequently causes injuries to the vécervical vertebrae and in the vélumbar vertebrae, because these are the areas that are más affected. The fracture of the vélumbar vertebra tends to occur to a greater extent for this reasonón; y además can cause injury to a méspinal cord or raínervous stop.
in addition, It should be noted that in the cases mentioned with patients with osteoporosis, low impact traumaén can cause v fracturesévertebrae by compresión.
Sísymptoms of a v fractureértebra
Patients suffering from a fracture in the vévertebrae usually suffer from a In the facet joint there is a cartilage that has the same function trauma. Only one third of the patients do not present síntomas. Posterior vertebral fracture pain is constant and can radiate to the abdominal area.
