Microcephaly chirwere chekukura kwedehenya uye uropi hunoperekedzwa nekuremara kwepfungwa uye neurological abnormalities..
Dehenya racho idiki zvisingaite, inoperekedzwa nehuremu hwakaderera uye kusakura kwehuropi. Panyaya iyi, kuenzana kwemuviri kwakajairika.
Iyo inoratidzirwa nekuvhara kwekutanga kweiyo cranial sutures uye kuvharwa kwe fontanelle, convulsive syndrome, kunonoka kukura kwemotokari, kukanganisa kwenjere, kusakura kana kushaya kutaura.
Microcephaly inoitika muzvikamu zvakaenzana pakati pevakomana nevasikana. With a frequency of 1 nyaya kune imwe neimwe 10.000 vana.
Pano tichatsanangura zvikonzero, zviratidzo, kuongororwa, kurapwa kwakajairika kwe microcephaly uye kudzivirira kwavo.
Index
Zvikonzero zve microcephaly
Chirwere ichi chinogona kunge chine mavambo, zvakakonzerwa ne WDR62 gene mutation. Somugumisiro, kukura kweprotein chaiyo kunotyorwa, microcephalin.
Kusajairika kwacho kunogona kukonzerwa nezvakati wandei: semugumisiro wekuratidzwa kune zvinokuvadza mukukura kwekutanga kwe "fetus" uye nekuda kwekukuvara kwehuropi mumatanho ekupedzisira ekukura kwe intrauterine., pamwe chete nekusununguka uye mumwedzi yekutanga yehupenyu hwemwana.
Zvikonzero zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezve:
- Utachiona uye zvirwere zvinotapukira zvaamai zvakadai seZika kana toxoplasmosis
- Intrauterine zvirwere (gwirikwiti, mumps, herpes, rubella, cytomegalovirus, etc.)
- Endocrine system kukundikana muvakadzi vane pamuviri (chirwere cheshuga, hyperthyroidism)
- Kusangana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya
- Genetic disorders
- Mhedzisiro yeradiation uye yakaipa ecology
- Sechikamu chezvirwere zvakawanda zvakagara nhaka (Payne syndrome, Giacomini syndrome)
- Metabolic disorders
- Intracranial birth injury
- Chromosomal abnormalities: Chirwere cheDown, Patau's syndrome, Edwards syndrome, síndrome “grito de gato”
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, microcephaly ine zvikonzero izvo dzimwe nguva hazvigone kuzivikanwa, zvinoonekwa muvana vevabereki vane utano hwakanaka.
Zviratidzo
Chiratidzo chikuru chechiratidzo che microcephaly musoro muduku, zvisina kuenzana zvichienzaniswa nemuviri wemwana. Huma yakabhenda inocherechedzwawo, nzeve dzakabudikira nehuma.
Sezvo vana vanokura nechirwere ichocho, kunyanya kubva mugore rokutanga rezera, zviratidzo zve microcephaly zvakaoma kufuratira. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvakajairika zvechirwere ichi:
- Diki kana kuvharwa zvachose fontanel
- Kana fontanel yakavhurwa panguva yekuzvarwa, inovhara nekukurumidza, mwedzi mumwe mushure mekusununguka
- Low tsandanyama toni
- Kurema uye kureba kwemwana pasi pemaitiro (enanismo)
- Kushaikwa kwekubatana
- Kubata uye kurasikirwa nekuziva (Kwete muzviitiko zvese)
- Squint
- Mutauro wekutaura haupo
- Kusavapo kwekumonyoroka uye tertiary grooves, muchimiro cheuropi
- General kuderera mubudiriro. Vana vanodzidza kunonoka kubata misoro, tendeuka, Gara pasi, kukambaira ufambe.
- Kushaikwa kwenjere
Kuongororwa
Kuongororwa kwe microcephaly kunogona kuitwa prenatal kana mushure mekuzvarwa. Panguva yekuzvitakura zvidzidzo zve ultrasound zvinoitwa, kuenzanisa biometric parameters mu fetus.
Ultrasound inokwanisa kuona kukanganiswa kudiki uye kukura kwehuropi hwemwana. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti chirwere ichi chinogona kuitwa mukati mevhiki 27 uye 30 wepamuviri nekunzwa kwe 67%.
Imhaka yazvo, kana pane fungidziro ye microcephaly, iyo yakabatana neiyo genetic kana chromosomal abnormality, Nzira dzekuongorora dze ultrasound dzinofanirwa kuwedzeredzwa neimwe invasive prenatal diagnostic Chii: cordocentesis, amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling uye fetal karyotype.
Kana pane fungidziro kana nhoroondo yemhuri yemicrocephaly, nhoroondo yezvokurapa inofanira kutorwa pamwe chete nekuongorora kwakakwana kwevabereki. Kwauchange uine genetic tests, CT scan uye MRI yemusoro.
Mushure mekuzvarwa, kuongororwa kwe microcephaly kunosimbiswa kuburikidza nekuongorora kwekuona kwemwana achangoberekwa.
Kuti uone hukuru uye kufungidzira kwekusagadzikana, zvishandiso zvakadai: ecoencefalograma, electroencephalogram, magnetic resonance, CT scan uye x-ray kuongororwa kwedehenya.
Varwere vane microcephaly, zvichienderana nehunhu, inogona kukamurwa kuita 2 mapoka: Varwere vari muboka rekutanga vanonetsa, very mobile. Varwere muboka rechipiri, Zvakasiyana, havana hanya, mapuranga, kusava nehanya nemhoteredzo.
Microcephaly kurapwa
Ne microcephaly, iyo huru yekurapa inotarisirwa kutsigirwa kwezviratidzo zvevarwere. Kushandiswa kwemushonga wenguva dzose kunovandudza metabolic maitiro muhuropi tishu, nekupa vitamin complexes, anticonvulsants uye sedatives.
Rehabilitation muvana vane microcephaly kunosanganisira occupational therapy, masaja uye physiotherapy. Mushonga wacho wakanangana nekukura kwemuviri-njere dzemwana uye zvinogoneka kugarisana nevamwe.
Idzi nzira dzinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasarudzika dzekudzidzira kukurudzira nzira yakajairika yemasabolism muuropi..
Varwere vane microcephaly vanofanira kutariswa navana chiremba wetsinga uye chiremba wevana.
Panguva imwe, vabereki vomwana vanoita basa rinokosha mukumutsidzira. Microcephaly inoda kurapwa uye kukura kwekurapa (ndangariro zviitwa, kutarisa, kukurudzirwa kwekunzwa, etc.
Nzira dzekudzivirira
Kudzivirirwa kweMicrocephaly kunosanganisira kuronga kubata pamuviri kwakangwarira. Bvunzo dzekudzivirira dzakadai seTORCH mbiri dzinofanirwa kuitwa, CRP uye prenatal kuchengetedzwa kwe fetal.
Muchiitiko chekutanga intrauterine kuonekwa kwe microcephaly, zvinodikanwa kusarudza mukana wekubvisa kwekuita pamuviri.
Kuongorora njodzi inogona kuitika yemicrocephaly mumimba inotevera mumhuri dzine nhoroondo yechiitiko ichi, genetic medical counselling inofanira kuitwa.
mhedziso
Microcephaly (microcephaly) inyaya yekuti mwana anozvarwa aine musoro mudiki kana kuti musoro unomira kukura mushure mekuzvarwa. Icho chimiro chisingawanzoitiki, kumwana wezviuru zvakati kuti wevana anozvarwa aine microcephaly.
Nzira yekuziva microcephaly mumwana ndeyekuyera denderedzwa remusoro wavo 24 maawa mushure mekuzvarwa uye enzanisa mhedzisiro neiyo WHO yakajairwa zviratidzo zvekukura kwemwana.
Vana vanozvarwa vane microcephaly, sezvavanokura, anogona kubatwa nepfari, pamwe nekuremara mumuviri nekuremara pakudzidza.
Iko hakuna kurapwa kwakakosha kune microcephaly.