Transverse Myelitis ndi matenda a ubongo kugwirizana ndi kutupa kwa msana. “Mielitis” significa inflamación de la médula espinal y “Transversa” se refiere al hecho de que se ve afectada toda la sección transversal del segmento respectivo de la médula espinal.
Ndi gulu la matenda a neuroimmune. Kutupa mu msana kumabweretsa demyelination ndi amachepetsa ntchito ya mitsempha. Zotsatira zake, odwala amavutika ndi vuto la zomverera, kapena injini zamasamba.
Myelitis ndi matenda osowa a mitsempha, zomwe zimachitika makamaka pakati pa zaka za 10 a 19 zaka ndi 30 a 49 zaka. Abambo ndi amai amakhudzidwa mofanana. Kutupa kwa msana kumachitikanso nyama.
Myelin imagwira ntchito yofunikira pakufalitsa ma siginecha amagetsi m'katikati mwa mitsempha. Pankhani ya Transverse Myelitis, liwiro kufala kwambiri yafupika. Awa ndi matenda osowa kwambiri.
Dziwani zambiri za matendawa, apa tikuuzeni zifukwa zake zazikulu, matenda, chizindikiro, chithandizo ndi zovuta. Matendawa akhoza kuyamba pa msinkhu uliwonse, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa za izo ndikuzindikira mikhalidwe yake yayikulu.
Mlozera
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Transverse Myelitis
Myelitis ikhoza kuchitika payekha kapena mogwirizana ndi matenda ena. Pamene matendawa amapezeka yekha komanso popanda chifukwa chodziwika, pali kukambirana matenda a idiopathic. Kuyambitsa kwachilendo kwa chitetezo chamthupi, zomwe kenako zimalunjikitsidwa ku msana, akuwoneka kuti ali ndi udindo pa izi.
Transverse Myelitis nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha matenda a bakiteriya kapena ma virus, ngati nkhuku, chikuku, rubella, mphuno ndi chimfine. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timawononga msana polowa mwachindunji mmenemo.
Polio, shingles ndi kachilombo ka HIV zingayambitsenso myelitis. Kuwonjezera pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mycoplasma pneumoniae, Matenda a Lyme, chindoko ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Katemera amathanso kuyambitsa myelitis ndipo pali nkhani ya postvaccinal myelitis, zomwe zimachuluka pambuyo polandira katemera wa chiwewe ndi typhoid fever.
Matenda a ubongowa samapezeka kawirikawiri limodzi ndi matenda a autoimmune monga sarcoidosis kapena multiple sclerosis.. Ndi chiyaninso, Transverse Myelitis ikhoza kukhala chifukwa thrombosis ya mtsempha wa msana, popeza mitsempha ya msana imakhala ndi udindo wopereka magazi ku msana.
Matenda
Chifukwa chosowa matenda ndi zosiyanasiyana zizindikiro, matenda nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kwa madokotala, zomwe zimayamba ndi mbiri yachipatala komanso kuyezetsa thupi mozama.
Mwambiri, mbiri yachipatala ndi kuyezetsa thupi kochitidwa ndi dokotala kapena katswiri pachipatala sichikupereka zizindikiro zomveka za myelitis kapena zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa msana..
The MRI ya msana ndi ubongo ndi njira yosankha yodziwira kutupa kwa Transverse Myelitis ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro, ngati zotupa, herniated discs kapena matenda ena a minyewa.
Ngati MRI salola kuti azindikire bwino, a myelography. Uku ndi kuyezetsa kwa x-ray komwe utoto umabayidwa panthawi yoboola m'chiuno.. Kuyezetsa magazi ndi cerebrospinal fluid kusanthula kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire zizindikiro za kutupa ndikuchotsa matenda ena..
Njira ya matenda makamaka zimadalira mmene munthu mlandu.. Ngati mankhwalawo ali munthawi yake, odwala ambiri adzachira kwathunthu. Komabe, kuchira kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo kungatenge miyezi kapena zaka.
Zizindikiro za Transverse Myelitis
Zizindikiro za Transverse Myelitis zimadalira kwambiri malo omwe akhudzidwa ndi msana.. Zizindikiro zoyamba zimawonekera pakatha maola kapena masabata pambuyo pa chiyambi cha matenda.
Zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri. Malo a kutupa makamaka ali ndi udindo pa chithunzi chachipatala. Ndikofunikira kwa zizindikiro, mlingo wokhudzidwa wa msana ndi momwe ma cell a mitsempha ndi myelin cortex zimawonongeka.
Pafupifupi theka la anthu okhudzidwa, kutupa kumachuluka mkati mwa tsiku loyamba. Madandaulo amadza chifukwa alipo motor neurons mu msana, amene sangathenso kugwira ntchito yawo moyenera.
Pamene kusinthana kwa chidziwitso pakati pa periphery ya thupi kumasinthidwa, monga miyendo ndi ubongo. Anthuwo anakhudzidwa amavutika ndi kusokonezeka maganizo ndi kupweteka kwa msana.
Ngati maphunzirowo ndi ovuta, chikhodzodzo ndi rectum sizigwira ntchito bwino. Chizindikiro choyamba cha Transverse Myelitis nthawi zambiri chimakhala a kuwonjezeka kumverera kwa kufooka kwa miyendo. Kufooka kumachitikanso nthawi zina m'manja. Pali kutaya kwa kumverera pansi pa gawo lokhudzidwa la msana.
Zovuta zogonana zimawonedwa nthawi zambiri zokhudzana ndi matendawa. Ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, kufooka kwa minofu kumakhala paraplegia kapena spastic ziwalo. hypersensitivity kuti ozizira, kutentha ndi kukhudza, ndi zizindikiro wamba za matenda.
Chithandizo
Kuchiza bwino kwa matendawa kumatengera momwe matendawa amawonekera mwachangu.. The corticosteroids Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kutupa kwa msana kwa odwala omwe ali ndi Transverse Myelitis.
The kusintha kwa plasma amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi. Kukonzanso, makamaka ndi physiotherapy, Ndizofunikira. Odwala ayenera kukonzekera pulogalamu yokonzanso yomwe ikugwirizana ndi kuvulala kwa msana.
An tima kukonzanso gawo amatsatira akamaliza pachimake mankhwala mankhwala. Thandizo lobwezeretsanso limayang'ana kwambiri kuchiritsa kuwonongeka kwa msana ndi kukonzanso thupi.
Physiotherapy imagwiritsidwanso ntchito polimbana ndi kufooka kwa minofu, spasticity ndi kusagwirizana. Nthawi zina, Thandizo la thupi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kutentha ndi kusamba polimbana ndi ululu ndi kuperewera kwa galimoto. Odwala ambiri amavutika maganizo, monga nkhawa ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Apa dokotala amalangiza chithandizo chamaganizo zowonjezera.
Zovuta
Ngati Transverse Myelitis imasiyidwa popanda chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali, Zitha kuyambitsa zovuta zovuta. Kusokonezeka maganizo kudzawonekera poyamba ndipo ululu wammbuyo udzawonjezeka. Kuwonongeka kwa chikhodzodzo ndi rectum kudzayambanso..
Ndi matenda ochuluka, kumverera kwa kufooka m'miyendo kudzakhala koyambitsa kwambiri zovuta kuyenda. Muzochitika zakutali, chizindikirochi chimapezekanso m'manja. Kusayenda bwino kungayambitse kupuwala kwa spastic mpaka paraplegia.