Mzere wa vertebral kapena msana umayambira pa coccyx ndipo umathera pa chigaza, kupanga unit imodzi, chiwalo chimodzi choyima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene tikumva kusapeza bwino, kupweteka kapena vuto mu gawo lililonse la msana, ndikofunikira kuwunikanso gulu lonse lonse.
Mlozera
Ntchito za msana
Ndilo chithandizo chachikulu cha thupi la munthu ndi chigaza, kumathandiza kuthandizira kulemera kwa thupi lonse ndi kuteteza msana. Mafupa omwe amapanga msana ndi vertebrae yomwe imapangitsa kuti msana ukhale wolumikizana..
Msana umalola munthu kukhala wowongoka komanso kuyenda molunjika (kuyimirira).
• Imasunga thunthu mowongoka chifukwa cha minofu ndi minyewa ndikukhazikika thunthu kukana mphamvu yokoka..
• Ntchito ina ya msana ndi kufotokoza kwa thupi., chifukwa cha minyewa ya msana yomwe imapanga msana ndipo imalumikizidwa pamodzi ngati magiya.
• Minofu, diaphragm ndi matumbo pakati pa ziwalo zina, amazikika ku msana.
• Imateteza msana, yomwe ndi minofu yamanjenje yofooka kwambiri yomwe ingawonongeke ndi khama ladzidzidzi kapena kuyenda.
Msana
The msana ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa ndikukula kwa ubongo, chifukwa chake imatetezedwa pakati pa vertebrae ya msana.
Miyezo za 45 utali wa masentimita ndipo umatetezedwa ndi zigawo zotchedwa meninges ndi cerebrospinal fluid. Kukula kwake kumachokera ku ubongo, hasta la primera vértebra lumbar y desde ahí se “abre” formada la comúnmente denominada “cola de caballo”.
Amapangidwa ndi mamiliyoni a minyewa, omwe ali ndi udindo wotumiza uthenga kudzera mu thupi komanso kuchokera mu ubongo.
Kapangidwe kazambiri
Msana umapangidwa ndi vertebrae ndipo pakati pa aliyense wa iwo pali disc, chomwe chimatchedwa intervertebral disc, kulola kusuntha kwa msana ndi kusinthasintha. The vertebrae amatchedwa mosiyana, kutengera dera lomwe akukhala muzambiri: khomo pachibelekeropo, thoracic ndi lumbar.
Ngati tiyang'ana mzati kuchokera kumbali, mitundu iwiri ya ma curve achilengedwe amawonedwa omwe amatchedwa lordosis ndi kyphosis. Mawonekedwe a kyphosis mu mafupa ali ndi ntchito yoteteza chiwalo, pamene kupindika mu mawonekedwe a lordosis, msana nthawi zambiri umaugwiritsa ntchito poyenda.
Chifukwa cha otsika kapena lumbar msana, mayendedwe a m'munsi (miyendo) ndi akuluakulu (mikono), ali odziimira paokha.
Madera osiyanasiyana a vertebral
Monga m'makhoti osiyanasiyana omwe aperekedwa pamwambapa, ngati tiwona ndime kuchokera kumbali, tikhoza kusiyanitsa madera atatu osiyanitsidwa bwino a msana:
• Chigawo cha chiberekero. Ili kumtunda, ndi kupindika kopindika mu mawonekedwe a lordosis, amatchedwanso khomo lachiberekero lordosis komanso ndi 7 vertebrae yotchedwa C-1 mpaka C-7.
• Chigawo cha dorsal. Ndilo gawo lapakati lakumbuyo ndipo kupindika kwake kumakhala kwa kyphosis kapena dorsal kyphosis.. Pangani izo 12 vertebrae yotchedwa D-1 mpaka D-12. Akatswiri ena amawatcha kuti T-1 mpaka T-12.
• Chigawo cha Lumbar. M'munsi kumbuyo ndi concave mawonekedwe opindika ndi lordosis kapena lumbar lordosis. Amapangidwa ndi 5 vertebrae yotchedwa L-1 mpaka L-5.
Maderawa amapangidwa ndi vertebrae yam'manja ndipo ndi okwana 24.
Pali madera ena awiri m'munsi mwa msana, amene vertebrae ndi welded choncho wosasunthika:
• Malo Opatulika. Muli 5 vertebrae yotchedwa S-1 mpaka S-5.
• Malo a Coccygeal. Muli 4 vertebrae yotchedwa Cx-1 mpaka Cx-5.