Ogidi vertebral ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ azụ na-amalite na coccyx na-agwụ na okpokoro isi, na-akpụ otu unit, otu akụkụ kwụ ọtọ. Nke a pụtara na mgbe ahụ erughị ala anyị nwere, mgbu ma ọ bụ nsogbu ebe n'ime ọkpụkpụ azụ, ọ bụ iwu na inyocha ihe niile n'ozuzu.
Index
spinal kọlụm ọrụ
Ọ bụ isi nkwado nke ahụ mmadụ na okpokoro isi., na-enyere aka ịkwado ibu ya zuru oke ma chebe ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ. Ọkpụkpụ nke mebere ọkpụkpụ azụ bụ vertebrae nke na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ azụ ghọọ ihe zuru ezu..
Ọkpụkpụ azụ na-enye mmadụ ohere iguzo ọtọ wee na-aga n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ. (guzo).
• Na-eme ka ogwe osisi kwụ ọtọ n'ihi mọzụlụ na akwara ma na-eme ka ogwe ahụ kwụsie ike site na iguzogide ike ndọda..
• Ọrụ ọzọ nke kọlụm ọkpụkpụ azụ bụ nkwupụta nke ahụ, ekele maka vertebrae nke mejupụtara ọkpụkpụ azụ na nke jikọtara ọnụ dị ka a ga-asị na ha bụ gia.
• Anụ ahụ, diaphragm na eriri afọ n'etiti akụkụ ndị ọzọ, na-agbadoro na ọkpụkpụ azụ.
• Na-echebe ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ, nke bụ anụ ahụ akwara na-esighi ike nke nwere ike imebi site na mbọ ma ọ bụ mmegharị mberede.
Ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ
Nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ebe ọ bụ ndọtị nke ụbụrụ, n'ihi ya, a na-echebe ya n'etiti vertebrae nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ.
tụọ ụfọdụ 45 centimeters ogologo ma na-echebe ya site n'ígwé nke a na-akpọ meninges na mmiri ụbụrụ cerebrospinal. Mgbatị ya sitere na ụbụrụ, hasta la primera vértebra lumbar y desde ahí se “abre” formada la comúnmente denominada “cola de caballo”.
Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ ọtụtụ nde irighiri akwara, nke na-ahụ maka izipu ozi site na ahụ na site na ụbụrụ.
owuwu kọlụm
Ọkpụkpụ azụ bụ vertebrae na n'etiti nke ọ bụla n'ime ha enwere diski., ihe a na-akpọ diski intervertebral, ikwe ka ọkpụkpụ azụ na-agagharị na mgbanwe. A na-akpọ vertebrae dị iche iche, dabere na mpaghara ha bi na kọlụm: cervical, thoracic na lumbar.
Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ele anya na kọlụm si n'akụkụ, E nwere ụdị ụzọ abụọ nke a na-akpọ lordosis na kyphosis.. Ụdị kyphosis dị na ọkpụkpụ nwere ọrụ nke ichekwa akụkụ ahụ, mgbe curvature n'ụdị lordosis, ọkpụkpụ azụ na-ejikarị ya emegharị.
Ekele dị ala ma ọ bụ lumbar spain, mmegharị ala nsọtụ (ụkwụ) na ndị isi (ogwe aka), ha nwere onwe ha kpamkpam.
Mpaghara azụ azụ dị iche iche
Dị ka ọ dị na akụkụ dị iche iche e gosipụtara n'elu, ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụ anya na kọlụm si n'akụkụ, anyị nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche atọ dị iche iche nke ọkpụkpụ azụ:
• Mpaghara Cervical. Ọ dị na mpaghara elu, na concave curvature n'ụdị a lordosis, a na-akpọkwa cervical lordosis na ya 7 vertebrae aha ya bụ C-1 ruo C-7.
• Mpaghara Dorsal. Ọ bụ n'etiti mpaghara azụ na convex curvature bụ kyphosis ma ọ bụ dorsal kyphosis.. mee ya 12 vertebrae nke a na-akpọ D-1 ruo D-12. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara na-akpọ ha T-1 ruo T-12.
• mpaghara Lumbar. Ala azụ na ọdịdị nke concave curve bụ lordosis ma ọ bụ lumbar lordosis. Ihe mejupụtara ya 5 vertebrae akpọrọ site na L-1 ruo L-5.
Mpaghara ndị a nwere vertebrae mkpanaka ma bụrụ mkpokọta 24.
Enwere mpaghara abụọ ọzọ n'akụkụ ala nke kọlụm, nke vertebrae ya jikọtara ya mere na-adịghị agagharị:
• Mpaghara dị nsọ. Nwere 5 vertebrae aha ya bụ S-1 ruo S-5.
• Mpaghara Coxygeal. Nwere 4 vertebrae aha ya bụ Bx-1 ruo Bx-5.