Microcephaly yog ib qho kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha taub hau thiab lub hlwb nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws neurological..
Lub pob txha taub hau yog me me, nrog los ntawm qhov hnyav thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm lub hlwb. Hauv qhov no, lub cev proportions yog kiag li qub.
Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev kaw thaum ntxov ntawm cranial sutures thiab kaw ntawm fontanelle, convulsive syndrome, ncua kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev muaj zog, kev txawj ntse tsis xws luag, underdevelopment los yog tsis hais lus.
Microcephaly tshwm sim hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tub thiab ntxhais. Nrog ib zaus ntawm 1 case rau txhua tus 10.000 cov menyuam.
Ntawm no peb yuav piav qhia qhov ua rau, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, feem ntau cov kev kho mob rau microcephaly thiab lawv tiv thaiv.
Index
Ua rau microcephaly
Qhov no pathology yuav muaj keeb kwm caj ces, tshwm sim los ntawm WDR62 gene mutation. Yog li ntawd, kev loj hlob ntawm ib qho protein tshwj xeeb raug ua txhaum cai, microcephalin.
Qhov txawv txav tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam: Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau cov teeb meem tsis zoo hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab thaum ntxov thiab vim lub hlwb puas nyob rau hauv cov theem kawg ntawm kev loj hlob intrauterine., raws li nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev yug me nyuam thiab nyob rau hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm tus me nyuam lub neej.
Feem ntau ua rau muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas tau:
- Cov kab mob thiab kis kab mob ntawm leej niam xws li Zika lossis toxoplasmosis
- Intrauterine kab mob (qhua pias, mumps, kab mob herpes, rubella, cytomegalovirus, lwm.)
- Endocrine system tsis ua haujlwm hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub (ntshav qab zib, hyperthyroidism)
- Raug tshuaj tua kab mob
- Kev mob caj ces
- Kev cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws xob thiab kev phem ecology
- Raws li ib feem ntawm ntau yam kab mob tau txais txiaj ntsig (Payne Syndrome, Giacomini Syndrome)
- Cov kab mob metabolic
- Intracranial yug raug mob
- Chromosomal abnormalities: Down tus kab mob, Patau's syndrome, Edwards Syndrome, síndrome “grito de gato”
Hauv qee kis, microcephaly muaj qhov ua rau qee zaum tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab, nws muaj pov thawj nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam ntawm cov niam txiv noj qab haus huv.
Cov tsos mob
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm microcephaly yog lub taub hau me me, disproportionate piv rau tus me nyuam lub cev. Lub hauv pliaj bevelled kuj pom, protruding pob ntseg thiab brow ridges.
Thaum me nyuam loj hlob nrog tus kab mob ntawd, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li thawj xyoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog, Cov cim qhia ntawm microcephaly yog qhov nyuaj rau tsis quav ntsej. Qee qhov kev tshwm sim dav dav ntawm qhov teeb meem no yog:
- Me me los yog tag nrho kaw fontanel
- Seb lub fontanel tau qhib thaum lub sijhawm yug los, nws kaw sai sai, ib hlis tom qab xa khoom
- Cov leeg nqaij qis
- Qhov hnyav thiab qhov siab ntawm tus menyuam nyob rau hauv tus qauv (kev xav)
- Tsis muaj kev sib koom tes
- Kev qaug dab peg thiab tsis nco qab (Tsis yog nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub)
- Squint
- Articulate lus tsis muaj
- Tsis muaj twists thiab tertiary grooves, nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb
- General qeeb hauv kev loj hlob. Cov me nyuam kawm lig los tuav lawv lub taub hau, tig ib ncig, zaum, nkag mus thiab taug kev.
- Kev txawj ntse tsis muaj peev xwm
Kev kuaj mob
Kev kuaj mob ntawm microcephaly tuaj yeem ua rau ua ntej lossis tom qab yug menyuam. Thaum cev xeeb tub, kev tshawb fawb ultrasound tau ua, los sib piv biometric tsis nyob rau hauv lub fetus.
Ultrasound tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov txawv txav me me thiab qhov ntev ntawm tus menyuam lub hlwb. Hmoov tsis qhov kev kuaj mob no tuaj yeem ua rau lub lim tiam 27 thiab 30 cev xeeb tub nrog ib tug rhiab heev ntawm 67%.
Nws yog vim li ntawd, yog tias muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm microcephaly, uas yog txuas nrog caj ces lossis chromosomal abnormality, Kev kuaj xyuas ultrasound yuav tsum tau ua tiav nrog qee qhov kev kuaj mob ua ntej yug menyuam Dab tsi: cordocentesis, amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling thiab fetal karyotype.
Yog tias muaj kev ua xyem xyav lossis tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm microcephaly, Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm kho mob yuav tsum tau coj mus rau tag nrho cov kev ntsuam xyuas niam txiv. Qhov twg koj yuav muaj kev ntsuam xyuas caj ces, CT scan thiab MRI ntawm lub taub hau.
Tom qab yug me nyuam, Kev kuaj mob ntawm microcephaly tau lees paub los ntawm kev kuaj pom ntawm tus menyuam mos.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb qhov twg thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txawv txav, cov cuab yeej xws li: ecoencefalograma, electroencephalogram, magnetic resonance, CT scan thiab x-ray kuaj ntawm pob txha taub hau.
Cov neeg mob nrog microcephaly, nyob ntawm temperament, tuaj yeem muab faib ua 2 pab pawg: Cov neeg mob hauv thawj pab pawg yog fussy, mobile heev. Cov neeg mob hauv pawg thib ob, Hloov pauv, lawv apathetic, lub rooj tsavxwm, indifferent rau ib puag ncig.
Kev kho mob microcephaly
Nrog microcephaly, kev kho mob tseem ceeb yog tsom rau cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg mob. Kev siv cov tshuaj tsis tu ncua txhim kho cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub hlwb, los ntawm kev tswj cov vitamin complexes, anticonvulsants thiab sedatives.
Rehabilitation hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj microcephaly suav nrog kev ua haujlwm kho mob, massages thiab physiotherapy. Txoj kev kho mob yog tsom rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev-kev txawj ntse ntawm tus menyuam thiab nws muaj peev xwm hloov tau rau kev sib raug zoo.
Cov txheej txheem no yog siv rau hauv cov chaw cob qhia tshwj xeeb los txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub hlwb..
Cov neeg mob uas muaj microcephaly yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob neurologist thiab kws kho menyuam yaus.
Tib lub sijhawm, tus me nyuam niam txiv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho kom rov zoo. Microcephaly xav tau kev kho mob thiab kho kev loj hlob (kev nco kev ua si, saib xyuas, sensory stimulation, lwm.
Kev tiv thaiv mechanisms
Kev tiv thaiv microcephaly muaj kev ceev faj txog kev xeeb tub. Kev tiv thaiv kev xeem xws li TORCH profile yuav tsum tau ua, CRP thiab kev tiv thaiv tus menyuam hauv plab.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm thaum ntxov intrauterine nrhiav tau ntawm microcephaly, Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev txiav tawm ntawm cev xeeb tub.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov muaj feem pheej hmoo ntawm microcephaly hauv kev xeeb tub tom ntej hauv cov tsev neeg uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm tus mob no, yuav tsum muaj kev sab laj txog kev kho mob caj ces.
xaus
Microcephaly yog ib qho mob uas tus menyuam yug los nrog lub taub hau me me lossis lub taub hau tsis loj hlob tom qab yug me nyuam. Nws yog ib qho mob tsawg, rau ib tug me nyuam ntawm ntau txhiab tus me nyuam yug los nrog microcephaly.
Txoj hauv kev los txiav txim siab microcephaly hauv tus menyuam yog ntsuas qhov ncig ntawm lawv lub taub hau 24 teev tom qab yug me nyuam thiab sib piv cov txiaj ntsig nrog WHO tus qauv ntsuas kev loj hlob ntawm me nyuam.
Cov me nyuam yug los nrog microcephaly, raws li lawv loj hlob, tej zaum yuav qaug dab peg, nrog rau kev tsis taus ntawm lub cev thiab kev tsis taus ntawm kev kawm.
Tsis muaj kev kho tshwj xeeb rau microcephaly.