The back sirve, basically to support the body and allow its movement, as well as to help keep the center of gravity stable, both at rest and when in motion. In addition to these functions, It is also responsible for protecting the spinal cord as it is wrapped in bone..
To be able to support the weight of the body, the back has to be solid; and for this reason it is composed of very resistant bones and powerful muscles.
To allow movement, the spine must be flexible, Therefore, it is not composed of a single rigid bone., but it is made up of a total of 33 separate vertebrae. These are arranged one on top of the other and are supported at the same time by a system of muscles and ligaments..
To help keep the center of gravity stable, the contraction of the back muscles acts as a counterweight that compensates for the movements of the rest of the body. To be able to act like this, the muscles have to be powerful.
in addition, keep in mind that for the protection of the spinal cord, the vertebrae have a special shape, since it has a hole in its center through which the marrow runs.
Index
Spinal column
The spine of the human being is made up of a total of 33 vertebrae, of which are 7 cervical, 12 dorsal, and 5 lumbar, which are separated from each other by a total of 23 intervertebral discs. The five sacra are made, just like the 4 lame, forming the sacrum and coccyx bones.
If you look at them from the front, the vertebrae are perfectly aligned with each other and form a vertical. Nevertheless, Profile, shape curves. the top, in the cervical area, which have the function of protecting the vital organs, in the lower back, They are concave backwards and are called lordosis-cervical y lumbar, respectively. The median curve is concave forward and is called thoracic kyphosis.
This arrangement makes the column very resistant to the load applied in the vertical direction., since its curvatures give it flexibility. In case the load is very important, curvatures may increase temporarily, in charge of cushioning the pressure suffered by the vertebrae themselves.
What is low back pain
Once the above information is known about the bones of the back at the anatomical level, It's time to analyze the lumbar pain, and it is that one of the most frequent pathologies takes place in the back of the body.
Low back pain or low back pain is pain that is located in the lower back.. Once we have contextualized the bones of the back at an anatomical level.
The pain, in the back, It usually occurs in the lower back and is caused by a neurological mechanism that involves the activation of the nerves that transmit pain and the triggering of muscle contracture and inflammation..
On other occasions, the pain is generated due to compression of a nerve root, as it happens in the case that an intervertebral disc suffers a lot of wear and does not cushion enough, it is possible that some root is compressed due to a contusion in this area.
The process that is followed in this case involves starting to activate specific receptors related to pain, known as nociceptors. Its activation causes pain and causes an inflammation mechanism and muscle contracture to take place..
Inflammation and contracture keep pain receptors active and that makes it a circle, with a pain that causes inflammation and this inflammation causes pain. Its activation causes pain and triggers an inflammation mechanism and muscle contracture., the pain continues despite the fact that the cause that triggered it in the beginning may disappear.
This mechanism can be caused by a structural injury but it can also occur without it occurring., being in fact the most common case, when this mechanism is triggered without the existence of a structural lesion. This happens, for instance, when an incorrect posture is maintained that gives rise to muscular overload; and in turn that leads to a contracture.
How to know if you have a back problem
If a subject has dysmetria in the lower limbs, muscle imbalances in lower extremities or muscles in the back, Back pain, occurs for example by maintaining an incorrect posture, or hypotonia in the core, occurs for example by maintaining an incorrect posture
occurs for example by maintaining an incorrect posture, occurs for example by maintaining an incorrect posture, but that most likely over the years, but that most likely over the years, but that most likely over the years.
Currently, but that most likely over the years
Thus, but that most likely over the years, but that most likely over the years, but that most likely over the years.
The main cause of back problems or muscular alterations and imbalances is the adoption of inadequate postures in daily life .
The most frequent alterations are the following:
- Scoliosis. lateral deviation of the spine, being the causes in more than 85% of unknown cases.
- hyperkyphosis. It consists of the increase of the anterior concavity of the dorsal column, which is usually due to the prolongation of inadequate postures or the lack of strengthening of the paravertebral musculature.
- the increase in curvature is perceived. It is the increase in the posterior concavity of the vertebral column., lumbar region. In many cases, the cause is unknown., but the shortening of the hamstring muscles can facilitate the adoption of incorrect postures, and these can cause an alteration to occur in this concavity.
For this reason it is very important to maintain a work and strengthening of the back.